Практический курс английского языка 2 курс (Аракин) - страница 38

means acting in the capacity of smb., e g. Some of our students

act as guides during summer.

alikeadj predic одинаковый, похожий, подобный, е.g. The houses in this street are alike.

(Cf.: The houses in this street are like those in the next street.)

likeness n сходство, е.g. I cannot see much likeness between the twins.

unlike adj непохожий, е.g. She was unlike all other girls.

unlike prep в отличие от, е.g. Unlike other girls she was not at all talkative.

NOTES ON STYLE

A. The terms style, stylistic are generally used in two different meanings. In lexicology the

term functional style is used which may be defined as a system of expressive means peculiar to a

specific sphere of communication. Otherwise speaking, the choice of words and of modes of

expression depends on the situation in which the process of communication is realized, whether it is

a friendly talk, an official letter or report, a poem, a scientific article, etc. According to the situation

(or the sphere of communication) we may distinguish formal (bookish, learned) and informal

(colloquial) words. The former are peculiar to fiction, scientific prose, lectures, official talks; the

latter are used in everyday talks with friends and relatives. One should also keep ip mind that there

are a great number of words that are independent of the sphere of communication, i. e. that can be

used in a lecture, in an informal talk, in a poem, etc. Such words are stylistically neutral ( е.g. bread,

word, book, go, takes, white, etc.).

Students should be warned against taking the term colloquial as a kind of encouragement to

use words thus marked as much as possible. The term implies that the words called colloquial are

limited by their sphere of usage and, if used in a wrong situation ( е.g. in a student's composition, in a

conversation with an official acquaintance or with one higher in authority), may produce the

impression of impoliteness or even rudeness.

E. g. He is a jolly chap. = Он парень что надо, (chap n, coll.; jolly adj, coll.) The

stylistically neutral way of putting it is: He is a good (fine) man.

How are the kids? = Как ваши ребята? (kid n, coll.) The stylistically neutral way How are

your children?

I'm all right. = Co мной все нормально. (all right coll.) The stylistically neutral way I feel

(am) quite well.

Compare:

Neutral

Colloquial

Bookish

begin

start

commence

continue

go on

proceed

end, finish

be over (through)